While some action potential parameters were altered comparably by focused ultrasound and local anesthetics, there were small but notable differences. At the highest focused ultrasound pressures, nerve architecture was altered compared with controls. Increasing local anesthetic concentrations decreased action potential amplitude, area under the curve, and rate of rise and increased latency to 10% peak, latency to 100% peak, and half peak width. Increasing focused ultrasound pressures decreased action potential amplitude, area under the curve, and rate of rise, increased latency to 10% peak, and did not change latency to 100% peak or half peak width. Focused ultrasound's effects on nerve structure were examined histologically.
In an ex vivo rat sciatic nerve model, action potential amplitude, area under the curve, latency to 10% peak, latency to 100% peak, rate of rise, and half peak width changes were assessed after separately applying increasing focused ultrasound pressures or concentrations of bupivacaine and ropivacaine. We hypothesized focused ultrasound's effects on action potential parameters may be similar to those of local anesthetics. In animal models, focused ultrasound can reversibly or permanently inhibit nerve conduction, suggesting a potential role in managing pain.
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